Published Systems Research

Leafy green plants in a greenhouse
System No. 01

Aquaponic Nitrogen Conversion Dynamics

How nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrate, why cycling a new system takes weeks, and how to keep it stable.

Greenhouse interior in winter light
System No. 02

Water Walls and Winter Heat Storage

The physics of water as a heat store, how to size a water wall, and where passive storage stops being enough.

Seedlings under controlled growing conditions
System No. 03

Vapour Pressure Deficit Control

Calculating VPD from temperature and humidity, choosing target ranges, and automating the climate with sensors.